Wetland Functions and Values: The State of Our Understanding
edited by: Phillip E. Greson, John R. Clark, Judith E. Clark. 1979, American Water Resources Association, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
This book is a summary of a symposium designed to increase knowledge about wetlands and improve regulation of wetlands and the land and water that effects them. Scientific discussions promote the direct values of wetlands to society by dealing with the following principles: values for wildlife food chains, habitats and hydrology), water management, water quality, recreation, beauty and heritage.

Wetland Evaluation Guide
North America Wetlands Conservation Council, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada and Wildlife Habitat Canada. 1992, Ottawa, Ont.
This guide is designed for use in decisions involving alteration, removal, preservation, reconstruction or use of environmental wetlands. A three stage approach involving wetland evaluation (general analysis), inventory of functions and benefits of wetlands (detailed analysis) and an analysis based on wetland and project values (specialized analysis) is discussed.

Wetland Evaluation of the Thunder Bay Harbour Marshes
LRCA. May 1984.
The five Thunder Bay Harbour Marshes are evaluated using “An Evaluation System for Wetlands of Ontario” 1st ed. by the MNR and Environment Canada. The results determine that the Mission Island Marsh is a provincially significant wetland while all five wetlands are important biologically and in terms of special features.

Proceedings Symposium ‘87 Wetlands/Peatlands
C.D.A. Rubec and R.PP. Overend. 1987, Ottawa, Ont.
A compilation of articles from Symposium ‘87 discusses wetlands and peatlands. Topics include peat properties; peat and wetland chemistry; forestry, agriculture, wastewater and energy use of peatlands; wetland quality and assessment; wetland classification and inventory; wetland vegetation and ecology; and wetland conservation and policy. Under each topic numerous sub-topics are discussed.

Wetlands: Inertia or Momentum?
edited by: Michael J. Bardreki and Nancy Patterson. 1988, Don Mills, Ont., Federation of Ontario Naturalists.
From a conference in 1988, papers are compiled that deal with research and case studies. Major themes include: hydrology, chemistry, biology, inventory, stewardship, management issues and economic evaluation. Other topics discussed are wetland ecology, agriculture and the U.S. experience.

Wetlands Policy Statement
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Ministry of Municipal Affairs. 1989.
This is the Provincial Policy Statement that applies to provincially significant wetlands and may be used for local or regional municipalities for wetlands of other significance. The policy includes definitions; official plans; zoning by-laws; criteria for justification of land use compatibility; policies for constructing public facilities on or near wetlands; and implementation of the policy.

Wetlands Conservation: A Call for Action
Soil Conservation Society of America, Ontario Chapter. 1987, Don Mills, Ont.
The Ontario Chapter of the Soil Conservation Society of America has compiled a booklet dealing with problems and solutions of wetland conservation. Recommendations as well as wetland values and loss status are discussed.

Wetlands Policy Statement
Ontario Government. 1992, Publications Ontario, Toronto.
The policy is to protect provincially significant wetlands and promote conservation. Provided is a background of wetlands, definitions of wetlands and relevant items, the policy (divided according to region) and implementation of the policy.

Wetlands Planning Policy Statement and Implementation Guidelines
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 1989, Publications, Ontario, Toronto.
A background of wetlands and involved agencies is provided prior to the policy. The policy also includes an interpretation, a discussion of local conditions, guidelines on implementation of the policy and evaluation of the planning strategy, plus the act itself.

Temperate Wetlands Restoration Guidelines
Ducks Unlimited Canada, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Canada (Canadian Wildlife Service). 1998, Ducks Unlimited, Barrie, Ontario.
The report gives an extensive overview of options for restoring wetlands. Careful planning and pre-construction considerations are emphasized. Various techniques are discussed. A series of case studies and a wealth of informative appendices are also included.

Mineral Aggregate Resources Policy Statement
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 1986.
This policy includes a background, definition and principles explanation as well as the policy, the official plans and zoning by-laws. In addition to the short discussion of implementation of the policy, there is an additional guideline on implementation attached. Mineral aggregate resources are established as matters of provincial interest and concern and this fact is taken into account in any related planning action.

Task Force Report on Dredge Material and Disposal at Thunder Bay, Ont.
1977.
The task force investigated the effects of current disposal methods and alternatives. Sites were compared and chosen based on location and appropriateness. The site development took into consideration environmental and conceptual design. Conclusions provide the best site (Mission Island) and method to utilize with further recommendations.

The Waters of Lake Huron and Lake Superior Volume I Summary and Recommendations
Upper Lakes Reference Group and International Joint Commission. 1976, Windsor, Ont.
This summary discusses man’s impact on water quality in Lake Huron and Lake Superior. Characteristics of the lakes including basins, aquatic biology, fisheries and metals are included. The costs for the solutions to the pollution is estimated.

Summary Pilot Watershed Report: Forestry Watershed Study, Canada
J.A. Nicholson, Great Lakes Forest Research Centre, and International Joint Commission. 1977.
The long-term effects of the impacts of forestry practices on water, soil and vegetation of the boreal forest ecosystems of Ontario were studied. When a practice caused a detrimental effect, alternative methods were developed.

Thunder Bay Remedial Action Plan - Status Report
Remedial Action Plan. 1989
The action plan discusses the environmental conditions in Thunder Bay caused by major industries plus the municipality. In the rivers, water quality, sediments, benthic communities and other biota including fish have been studied and the results discussed. The remedial measures performed by a few of the mills and the city are explained plus goals for the future.

Making A Great Lake Superior: Proceedings from the 1990 International Conference on Remedial Action Plans in the Lake Superior Basin
edited by: Jake Vander Wal and Paul D. Watts. 1992, Lakehead University.
This is a compilation of papers from the 1990 R.A.P. conference. Topics dealt with include: the role of the public in R.A.PP., the ecosystem function and health in the Lake Superior Basin, contaminants from atmospheric and non-point sources, the I.J.C., areas of concern, point source discharges, toxicology of chlorinated organic contaminants and R.A.P. regulatory considerations in U.S. and Canada.

Report of the Shoreline Management Review Committee
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 1986.
Based on public meetings, recommendations are made on shoreline management. Suggestions are made on shoreline planning, protection, funding, emergency assistance and flooding of the Great Lakes shoreline.

Help Yourself: A Discussion of Erosion Problems on the Great Lakes and Alternative Methods of Shore Protection
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, North Central Division. 1978.
This pamphlet discusses shoreline erosion and the processes that cause it. Planning and protective barrier construction including costs are suggested as well as sample government projects.

Summary of Guidelines for Developing Great Lakes Shoreline Management Plans
Conservation Authority, Water Management Branch, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 1987.
The guidelines include six components: prevention, protection, emergency response, public information , environment and monitoring in order to manage the Great Lakes Shorelines.

Shoreline Management Program
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 1988.
This management program is an elaboration of the six guidelines: prevention, protection, emergency response, public information, environment and monitoring. There is also a discussion on waves, erosion, the type of work required and budgets.

Guidelines for Developing Great Lakes Shorelines Management Plans
Conservation Authority, Water Management and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources
This management program is an elaboration of the six guidelines discussed previously: prevention, protection, emergency response, public information, environment and monitoring.

Great Lakes Shore Management Guide
Ministry of Natural Resources, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Environment Canada. 1981.
This guide discusses many aspects of shoreline management including developing a plan, considerations to take, land use planning, protection and economic evaluations of alternatives. There is also a section on environmental impacts of shoreline management of shoreline management alternatives. An explanation is provided on formulating plans and implementing them.

Mission Marsh Master Plan
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1986.
Characteristics of the Mission Island Marsh are described. A plan is devised that will minimize disruption of the habitats while providing passive outdoor recreational activities and increasing public awareness.

Mission Island Marsh Conservation Area - Master Plan
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1994.
This updated version of the master plan includes new recommendations for the future so that the needs of the area in terms of management activities will be met. A focus is on public awareness and protection of the wetland.

Mission Island Wildlife Survey
K.E. Wylie-Belhouse, Ontario Hydro and Ministry of Natural Resources. 1982.
The survey was designed to study the wildlife species and their utilization of the Mission Marsh and to notice if any changes in wildlife have occurred from human actions. The results determined that numbers have declined in many species because of increased activity in and around the area.

Mission Island Marsh Study
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1980.
This study includes a discussion with the significance and history of Mission Island. The species, both plan and animal, air quality, water quality, environmental hazards, and the Thunder Bay generating station are all explained with recommendations made for the island.

Thunder Bay Harbour Marshes Study 1982/83
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1984.
The Neebing, Chippewa, McKellar and Northern Wood Preservers marshes are all studied based on avian migrations, avian nesting, waterfowl broods, fish species, vegetation, an angler survey (Neebing Marsh) and socioeconomic values. In the long range, the importance of the marshes will be determined in order to protect them properly.

Thunder Bay Harbour Marshes Study - Summary Report 1982 - 1985
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1986.
All five harbour marshes were studied: Northern Wood Preservers, Neebing, McKellar Island, Mission Island and Chippewa. It was found that avian migration and waterfowl broods are flourishing in the marshes. There is also an abundance of benthic life and fish providing the marshes with potential as recreational areas with numerous functions.

Thunder Bay Harbour Marshes Study 1983/1984
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1986.
All of the harbour marshes except Mission Island were included in this study. The topics studied involved avian migration and nesting, waterfowl broods, and a benthic community and fish survey. The results determined there are many important uses of these marshes including a migratory stop over, an opportunity for angling and a habitat to maintain an enormous diversity of species.

Thunder Bay Harbour Marshes Study 1985
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1986.
The harbour marshes except Mission Island were studied for a third year. Avian migration and nesting, and waterfowl broods were studied. The conclusions found were the Neebing Marsh was an excellent habitat for birds and waterfowl for nesting, raising broods and as a migratory stop over.

Mission Island Wildlife Survey 1984 (also one for 1985)
K.E. Wylie, Ontario Hydro and Ministry of Natural Resources. 1984.
Spring and fall migration were studied as well as nesting and resident birds. Mammals were observed including white-tail deer. A census of all the species resident or migratory was recorded.

A Brief Presented to the Council of the City of Thunder Bay 'The Need for Marshes in the Thunder Bay Harbour'
Joint Subcommittee: Water and Related Land Management and the Conservation and Recreation Land Management Advisory Boards of the Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1981.
This paper discusses the history and biological significance of the Thunder Bay harbour wetlands. Specifically, the values of the Mission Island Marsh are listed including enhanced water quality, a stopover area for migratory birds, a spawning and nursery habitat for fish and the habitat to maintain a high diversity of mammals.

Hazelwood Lake Conservation Area Master Plan
H. Gary Murchison. 1978.
This plan includes an inventory of resources with natural features including: climate, geology, vegetation, shoreline features, water resources and fish and wildlife resources. Cultural aspects of Hazelwood Lake are discussed as well as the various man-made features of the area: trails, the dam, roadways, etc. The regional significance is explained and its use in the past, present and future are talked about. The last sections of this master plan describe the developments to occur at Hazelwood and how to implement them.

Hazelwood Lake Conservation Area Master Plan
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1980.
This master plan is an updated version of the 1978 master plan. Presented is a biophysical, cultural, land use, site evaluation, development plan, objective and implementation discussion. Certain guidelines are altered to meet requirements of the Guidelines for Master Planning.

Recreational Concept for the Lakehead Region Waterfront
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority and M. M. Dillon Limited. 1977.
An objective of the plan is to protect scenic landforms and natural systems while developing the waterfront. A study occurred on resources along the waterfront including: geologic features, cultural and historical features, biological features (fisheries, nesting, wetlands and wildlife habitat), scenic areas, areas available for boating/canoeing/camping and hunting, the highway and the shoreline. A resource potential summary was developed and using the present realities, concepts were designed.

Thunder Bay Parks Systems Analysis
Brauer and Associates Inc. 1972.
In developing a master plan for the parks of Thunder Bay, an analysis is performed on the natural features and current role of parks. Urban shaping as well as the community and schools are taken into account. A summary is presented of the topography, soils, drainage, vegetation and resources in Thunder Bay parks.

The Great Lakes: An Environmental Atlas and Resource Book
Environment Canada and United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1988.
This book describes the processes and environmental concerns which affect the Great Lakes. All of the natural processes in the Great Lakes such as the hydrological cycle, climate, surface run-off, lake levels and wetlands are explained. The impact of people on the lakes are discussed as well as the environmental concerns caused by people. A description of the joint management of the Great Lakes is provided plus a look at their future.

Environmental Sensitivity Atlas for Lake Superior’s Canadian Shoreline
Environment Canada Conservation and Protection Branch, Environmental Protection Ontario Region. 1993.
Notes are provided on biological resources (fish, birds and mammals), human-use resources (special status areas), sensitivities to both human-use, biological resources and to spilled oil, countermeasures, shoreline habitat and a physical overview of Lake Superior. There are 82 maps with symbols and a legend to provide a guide to environmental sensitive areas on Lake Superior.

Wetlands of Canada
National Wetlands Working Group and Canada Committee on Ecological Land Classification. 1988, Polyscience Publications Incorporated, Montreal.
This book begins with a classification of wetlands and wetland environments. The wetlands across Canada are discussed individually including boreal Canada. In each area, the environmental setting, regions, vegetation, development and values are touched upon (varies slightly for each area).

Great Lakes Shore Management Information Session - Information Package
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1986.
A report on the Great Lakes including effects of diversions, the possibility of altering flow rates and projected consumptive uses plus long-term prospects for the Great Lakes with recommendations. Certain canals in North America are discussed studying their history and effects. Methods of shore protection are provided with estimates. The Great Lakes are talked about describing the natural fluctuations of the lakes, man’s intervention, present regulation and future regulation.

Rough Draft of Policies Shoreline Management - St. Lawrence- Great Lakes System
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1988.
The objectives of this policy are to minimize threats to life, property damage and social disruption and to coordinate the use of land with management of shoreline flooding and/or erosion processes. Policy statements are included on flood standards, erosion standards, regulatory shore zone, floodproofing, erosion protection, official plans, special policy areas, physical intrusions and public safety.

Canadian/Ontario Flood Damage Reduction Program
Steering Committee and Canada/Ontario Flood Damage Reduction Program. 1981.
The flood reduction program involves producing flood plain maps of high risk areas. Precautions are then taken to control water levels using forecasting/warning systems and land-use planning. Flood plains are described as well as mapping procedures and pros and cons of the program.

Silver Harbour Development Plan
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1985. (also available for 1979)
Recommendations are made for the Silver Harbour area for the next five years updated from the 1979 version. A site inventory researches: biophysical (geology, hydrology, climate, fish and wildlife, vegetation, forestry), cultural resources, land use, and current planning and development controls. A development is proposed including a schedule and estimated costs.

The Cascades Conservation Area - Master Plan
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1985.
The Cascades Conservation Area is an undeveloped area in Thunder Bay that has the Current River flowing through it. In order to maintain proper resource management, a master plan has been developed dealing with the watershed and recreational activities. An inventory of the site is taken including biophysical, cultural, aesthetic quality, land use, development controls, market area analysis, site evaluation, vandalism and plan implementation.

Beach Protection Act
Government of Ontario. 1982.
The statutes summarize actions taken by the Ministry of Natural Resources to protect beaches. The removal of sand from water systems and the issue or renewal of a licence are discussed in most of the points. The power over licences and removal is held by the Ministry of Natural Resources. Offences and prosecutions are also discussed.

Aggregate Resources Act
Government of Ontario, 1989.
The purposes of this act are: to provide management of aggregate resources, control and regulate aggregate operations, rehabilitate land that has been excavated, and minimize adverse impacts on the environment when performing aggregate operations. There are statutes on licences, permits, abandoned pits and quarries, rehabilitation, offences and penalties and areas without municipal organization.

Environmental Assessment Act
Government of Ontario. 1982.
The purpose of the act is the betterment of the people and the province of Ontario by providing protection, conservation and wise management of the environment. This act applies to government and municipal activities as well as commercial or business activities. An environmental assessment must be performed for a proposed area of undertaking. The Ministry of the Environment along with the Environmental Assessment Board may approve or deny the proposal to allow the undertaking to proceed. Provincial officers enforce the act.

Environmental Protection Act
Government of Ontario. 1982.
The purpose of the act is to provide protection and conservation for the natural environment. There are points on general provisions, motors and motor vehicles, water, waste management, vehicle permits (hauling waste), abandoned motor vehicles, sewage system, litter, spills and control and stop orders. In order to deal with the many aspects of this act and assist the Ministry of the Environment, there are provincial officers (to enforce), an appeal board and an environmental council.

Ontario Heritage Act
Government of Ontario. 1981.
The Ontario Heritage Act was designed for protection, preservation and conservation of heritage in Ontario. The Ontario Heritage Foundation is the body that carries out the objects of the act in conjunction with the Ministry of Culture and Recreation and the Conservation Review Board. In order to preserve buildings of historic or architectural value, properties can be designated by municipalities. Districts can be protected as a heritage conservation district. Also, resources of archaeological value are conserved so a licence is required for any exploration on that property.

• 1. the identification of shoreline areas of particular significance with fish and wildlife potential, recreational potential, historical and geological significance.
• 2. preparation of land use and ownership maps.
• 3. the identification of agencies responsible for recreation and development.
• 4. the study of waterfront access locations, present and future.
• 5. review waterfront development currently in Thunder Bay.
• 6. development of a master plan including environmental impact.

Lakehead Waterfront Study Interim Report Phase I - Inventory
M. M. Dillon Ltd. 1975.
Using the objectives from the data volume, the resources are reassessed at this interim point in the study. Updated results are presented on physical resources, climate, water, air, flora, fauna, cultural history, existing development, reaction analysis and jurisdiction.

Lakehead Region Conservation Authority Watershed Plan - Resources and Problems
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1983.
The purpose of the document is to describe the watershed resources, issues, concerns, problems and perceptions that will identify potential candidate objectives for watershed management. A discussion of the Lakehead Region Conservation Authority includes its responsibilities, current programs, history and the relationship between the conservation authority and other agencies. A hope is that duplication of responsibilities of all agencies involved will be eliminated. Some of the problems discovered are: flood forecasting, erosion, sedimentation, preventative management, flood plain mapping, regulations, watershed jurisdiction, land acquisition, recharge and source areas, maintenance of authority lands, community relations and coordination amongst agencies.

Lakehead Region Conservation Authority Watershed Plan - Watershed Inventory
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1982.
The Watershed Inventory is an in-depth study of all resources in the Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. General physiography, socio-economic and culture, land use, unique areas, water resources, forest resources, agriculture, fish, wildlife, demography, recreation and culture/history are all researched.

Lakehead Region Conservation Authority Interim Watershed Plan (5th and 6th Report)
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1983.
This interim report is a summary of the watershed plan. A brief discussion on most of the topics included in previous documents is included such as: watershed inventory, public involvement, Lakehead Region Conservation Authority, water and related land management, conservation and recreation land management, information and education and implementation.

Construction and Management of Farm Ponds in Ontario
Department of Agriculture and Food.
A farm ponds main purpose is changing from irrigation and drinking to recreational uses such as fishing. The water sources and selecting a location for pond sites are discussed as well as possible construction methods. Once a pond exists, management of fish and their habitat can be practiced with suggestions listed including stocking the pond and maintaining an optimum temperature. Possible problems and maintenance of wildlife in the ponds is discussed.

Geology of Hazelwood Lake, Silver Harbour, Cascades, Wishart, Granite Point, Cedar Falls, Hurkett Cove
A.D. MacTavish, Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1983.
This report summarizes the specific geologies of the conservation areas in and around Thunder Bay. The mining and glacial history of Thunder Bay is presented plus the superficial geology, geology and mining history of the conservation areas.

Forest Resource Evaluation of the Agreement Forests with Management Recommendations
1988.
This evaluation summarizes the forest resources available on the Agreement Forests and identifies possible development opportunities for them. It is suggested that a forest management plan be designed that can coordinate and direct development and maintain all the resources. An explanation of management options, access and topography, soils and special features is presented for each forestry block. Timber value, other land uses, a discussion and recommendations are also touched upon in the report.

Canadian Water Resources Journal (Volume 7 to 17)
1982 - 1992 (4 issues/year)
In each issue there is a guest editorial; submitted articles on research, applications and water policy; and occasionally a book review. The topics of the articles deal with problems and issues related to wetlands/water areas and their management.

Lakehead Region Conservation Authority Watershed Strategy - Final Report
Acres International Limited and Proctor and Redfern Limited. 1993.
The approach undertaken in this report is treating the watershed as a natural system and maintaining the environment in a sustainable way. Part 1 outlines environmental issues, resource use conflicts, evaluates steps to deal with problems and suggests solutions. Part 2 develops a philosophy and strategy for the watershed and the Lakehead Region Conservation Authority.

Long Range Flood Plain Acquisition Program
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1984.
The purpose of this report is to work in conjunction with preventative and remedial measures to design a flood plain acquisition program achieving effective management of flood plain lands. The watersheds studied in this report are: McVicar’s Creek, Kam River, Neebing River, Slate River, Wolf River, Whitefish River, Mosquito Creek, Current River, McIntyre River, and Pennock Creek. For each of these waterways and flood plains characteristics and historical flooding are described. The program also discusses acquisition, property selection, implementation, development and funding.

South Shore Study
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1984.
Four potential conservation/recreation areas were studied: Sturgeon, Jarvis, Cloud and Pine. A resource inventory was taken with 11 resources examined including geology, flora, fauna and water characteristics. Taking all factors into consideration, the sites were compared and the best site was chosen: Cloud River.

Neebing/McIntyre Rainbow Trout Young-of-the-Year Assessment: Pre- and Post- Diversion Project - Summary Report 1979-1985
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1986.
The effects on young-of-the-year rainbow trout of the flood control project in the Neebing and McIntyre Rivers were examined. The upstream migration route of the rainbow trout was altered as a result of relocating and combining the river mouths. At various sites along the river, fish were collected and sampled providing an estimate of young-of-the-year rainbow trout. The study concluded that the diversion project did not significantly alter the migratory route of the rainbow trout.

Neebing and McIntyre Rivers Flood Control Measures Preliminary Report on Hydrology and Environmental Inventory
Proctor and Redfern Limited, Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1977.
An environmental impact assessment has been performed before the channel improvements to the Neebing and McIntyre Rivers in Thunder Bay were performed. A hydrology study discussing flood frequencies, storms and water levels is present. An environmental inventory is also undertaken examining forage fish, benthic macroinvertebreates, fisheries analysis, flood control structures, vegetation and wildlife. Land uses currently and in the future are compiled. If negative impacts are found from this study, modifications are to be made to the channel improvements.

Neebing and McIntyre Rivers - Flood Control and Environmental Analysis
Proctor and Redfern Limited, Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1978.
An environmental analysis of both the Neebing and McIntyre Rivers was conducted including both aquatic and terrestrial evaluations. Hydrology, physical and social environmental factors, proposed flood measures, preliminary engineering, landscape rehabilitation and recreation development proposals and cost estimates are all studied and discussed.

Neebing and McIntyre Rivers Flood Control Measures
Proctor and Redfern Limited. 1973.
The report provides a design for channel improvements to the Neebing and McIntyre River. The changes allow for a larger flow from previous storms. An in-depth discussion of the rivers and their proposed changes plus cost estimates is present.

Neebing - McIntyre River Sedimentation Study
1988.
The objective of this study is to determine criteria and estimate accumulated sediments in order to devise a plan to effectively remove the sediments while maintaining the flood control of the Neebing - McIntyre control project. By examining hydrology, bed conditions and flood levels, current sedimentation levels were estimated. The proposed location of dredging is suggested as well as annual testing.

Neebing River Flood Plain and Fill Line Mapping Study
M.M. Dillon Limited, Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1979.
The purpose of the study is to determine the land inundated due to a storm. After the land is specified, preventative management procedures can be developed and practiced. Using descriptions of the watershed, flood plain and fill line design criteria, topographic mapping and flow calculations, recommendations are presented.

Public Involvement Guide
Province of B.C. Ministry of Forests. 1981, Information Services Branch, B.C. Ministry of Forests.
This guide outlines steps to involve the public in government programs. Many different methods of including the public are discussed such as the three principal methods: public information, consultation and extended involvement. The approach utilized attempts to unite agencies and citizens in cooperative planning. These methods are useful when public controversy is expected over plans or the public attempts to intervene in development.

Guidelines for “Natural” Channel Systems - Draft for Review
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1993.
The purpose of these guidelines is to provide management and design to maintain natural channel systems. A natural system is dynamically stable and is self-sustaining. The steps of the process are:

• 1. identify problems/objectives within the watershed.
• 2. review policy, what conditions need to be met
• 3. define geographic analysis and management/design approach, define waterway classification
• 4. identify objectives
• 5. decide system design
• 6. implementation and supervision for final design and management for system

Environmental Features of Thunder Bay Harbour
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1994.
The characteristics of the five marshes of the Thunder Bay Harbour as well as marina park, McVicar’s Creek and Current River are discussed. For each area, the background, directions to the site, vegetation, bird/animal life, fish, recreation and other uses are presented.

Flood Plain and Fill Line Mapping - Current River
Underwood McLellan Limited, Thunder Bay. 1979.
A brief background of the Current River and its flooding history is provided. The hydrology and hydraulics of the river including the design storm, flood levels, the natural and modified channel and fill lines are discussed. Mitigation measures plus alternative measures are suggested.

Current River Watershed Study - Interim Report
Proctor and Redfern Limited, Don Mills. 1990.
The diminishing water quality of Boulevard Lake is related to the flow of the Current River. By studying the many aspects of the Current River, possible solutions to water quality, flooding, etc. may be found. Onion, Hazelwood and Boulevard Lake are all studied in-depth. A watershed simulation is performed and explained as well as models for flow diversion.

Lakehead Region Conservation Authority Current River Watershed Study - Final Report
Proctor and Redfern Limited, Thunder Bay. 1991.
In this final report of the watershed study, the research on Boulevard, Hazelwood and Onion Lake is completed. The natural environment, hydrology and water management, recreation and tourism opportunities and their environment impacts, environmental effects of hydrotechnical solution to water problems and recommendations are all discussed.

Land Use Planning: Practice, Procedure and Policy
Craig B. MacFarlane and Robert William Macauly, Butterworths, Canada. 1986.

Flood Plain Management Conference - Proceedings
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Environment Canada, Association of Conservation Authorities of Ontario. 1990.
Three major topics are the themes of the papers presented at the conference: land use planning and river basin management, hydrotechnical studied and surveys, mapping and public information. Individual topics discussed include flood plain management, flooding, shoreline management and coastal development.

Thunder Bay Thermal Generating Station Extension Environmental Effects Report
R.E. Young, L.Y. Chan, Environmental Studies and Assessments Department, Ontario Hydro. 1990.
Before the expansion of the generating station, an environmental assessment was performed. The effects on atmosphere, aquatic life/water, land/terrestrial life and groundwater were all studied. The conclusions found were: the expansion did not significantly alter air quality; aquatic ecosystems, terrestrial and ground water effects were localized to the area around the generating station.

Initial Environmental Evaluation - South Channel Project Volume 1: Main Report
Ecologistics Limited, Waterloo. 1987.
An environmental impact assessment was performed on the Thunder Bay Port before beginning a project to improve shipping in the Harbour. The project needs and alternatives, environment of the harbour and evaluation of alternatives were all studied before conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made. This report concludes that the social and economic benefits to the Thunder Bay Port outweigh the minor environmental impacts.

Impacts of Great Lakes Water Levels On Shore Processes Workshop Summary
Dr. Robin G.D. Davidson-Arnott and Mark N. Law. 1988.

How to Protect Your Shore Property
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1987.
Using simple language rather than technical terms, the causes of erosion and possible solutions are discussed. Factors to take into consideration such as water levels, long-term stabilization, costs and implementation are also taken into account in the booklet.

Erosion Inventory and Priority Study in the City of Thunder Bay
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1980.
The objectives of the study are to assist the Conservation Authority in improving works, land use planning, municipal policy, education and guidance for the public and the city, methods and conclusions and constantly updated intervals. With the use of photographs and text, erosion problems along McVicar’s Creek, Current River, McIntyre River, Neebing River and Kam River are presented.

Neebing and McIntyre Rivers Flood Control Measures and Environmental Analysis
Proctor and Redfern Limited. 1978.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental implications and make recommendations that will eliminate the negative impacts. The effects of the floodway of both rivers on aquatic and terrestrial life and their environments were examined. The report includes an inventory of environmental factors and hydrology. Results of the study determined that there will be both short and long term effects due to the proposed construction.

Development Potential and Other Benefits From Restoration, Enhancement and Protection of the Thunder Bay Area of Concern: Final Report
Sustainable Futures, Toronto. 1995.
The development potential and benefits of watershed restoration, protection and improvement are assessed for the Thunder Bay Area. Sustainable methods of redevelopment, watershed restoration and economic impacts are discussed.

Lakes and Rivers Improvement Act Review
Lakes and Rivers Review Committee. 1990.

Policy Statement: Flood Plain Planning
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1988.

Living With the Lakes: Challenges and Opportunities, Annex B: Environmental Features, Processes and Impacts: An Ecosystem Perspective on the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence River System
Functional Group 2 for the Project Management Team, International Joint Commission Water Levels Reference Study. 1989.
The environment of the Great Lakes presently and the processes that influence the lakes are discussed. The methods of environmental impact assessments are explained as well as G.I.S. and shoreline data bases. Findings are listed and recommendations are made.

Provincial Great Lakes - St. Lawrence River Shoreline Policy Statement
Ministry of Natural Resources and Ministry of Municipal Affairs. 1993.

For each of the main watershed areas in Thunder Bay, there is a report on flood and fill line mapping. Each study provides a description of the watershed, information on hydrology and hydraulics, discusses flood and hazard areas and provides conclusions and recommendations. Some studies may also include flood plain and fill line design criteria and topographic mapping.

Report on Kaministikwia River Flood Line Mapping: Lake Superior to Rosslyn Village
James F. MacLaren Limited. 1979.

Pennock Creek Flood Plain and Fill Line Mapping Study
M.M. Dillon Limited, Toronto. 1982.

Mosquito Creek Flood and Fill Line Mapping Study
The Lathem Group Inc. 1984.

McIntyre River: Flood and Fill Line Mapping Study
R.V. Anderson Associates Ltd. 1984.

Neebing River Flood Plain and Fill Line Mapping Study
M.M. Dillon Ltd. 1979.

Flood Plain and Fill Line Mapping - Current River
Underwood McLellan Ltd. 1979.

Report on Flood Line Mapping Study McVicar’s Creek
M.M. Dillon Ltd. 1978. (also a 1995 version)

Wolf River Fill Line Mapping Study
Proctor and Redfern Ltd. 1985.

Master Drainage Strategy Study
Paul Theil Associates Ltd., Brampton. 1987.
The objectives of the study are to discover the impacts of future development on Mosquito Creek, Neebing River, Pennock Creek, McIntyre River, McVicar’s Creek and Current River; to develop a watershed management plan to eliminate future flooding and erosion problems; and finally to study the flooding problems in the South Ward of the city and remedy the problems. Each watershed area is looked at separately with new developments being suggested (with little environmental impact) and improvements for the South Ward drainage system recommended.

Federal Government Environmental Assessment Reform Package
Minister of the Environment. 1990.

Erosion and Sedimentation in Ontario: A Time for Action
Soil Conservation Society of America. 1981.
A new look and approach towards erosion and sedimentation is taken in this compilation of papers from meetings. Planning and preventing for urban erosion and sedimentation as well as rural erosion are all discussed in papers. Specifically, papers on biological impact, harbour and river sedimentation and agricultural erosion are presented.

Urban Drainage Design Guidelines
Ministry of Natural Resource, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Association of Conservation Authorities. 1987.
Major and minor urban drainage systems are studied. The principles of both major and minor systems, components of the systems, hydrology and hydraulics, reviews of modeling studies and information requirements are all explained providing guidelines for urban developers.

Hydrotechnical Study of Neebing/McIntyre Floodway
Proctor and Redfern Ltd. 1986.

Mosquito Creek Flood and Fill Line Mapping - Hydrology Study
The Lathem Group Inc. 1984.

McIntyre River: Flood and Fill Line Mapping Study - Technical Report
Anderson Associates Ltd. 1985.

Flood Control Study - Thunder Bay District
Roy V. Murray, R. Spooner, C.D. Ross, Confederation College. 1970’s.
For the Thunder Bay Area, solutions are suggested that will prevent or at least decrease flooding. Specifically, the Neebing-McIntyre Diversion is examined reviewing certain channels including their advantages and disadvantages.

Plan Input and Review Handbook
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1985.

Land Use Planning: Practice, Procedure and Policy
Craig B. MacFarlane and Robert William Macauly, Butterworths, Canada. 1986.

Guidelines for the Integration of Wildlife Resource Evaluation with Ecological Land Survey
Wildlife Working Group, Canada Committee on Ecological Land Classification. 1990.
The E.L.S. (ecological land survey) is discussed elaborating on its history, rationale and methods. Wildlife enhanced surveys and ecological land classification plus relationships between land and wildlife (introducing many models) are all presented. Finally, clients and their information needs are elaborated on.

Planning and Zoning for Better Resource Use
Soil Conservation Society of America and Land Use Planning Committee, Iowa. 1971.
Developing a comprehensive plan is discussed by considering soil resources, present land use, natural resources, agriculture and outdoor recreation is discussed. Methods to carry out the plan and attain goals by zoning are also presented.

Preserving Natural Areas in Ontario: Private Ownership and Public Rights
John Swaigen, Canadian Environmental Law Research Foundation, Toronto. 1979.
This booklet talks about existing legal tools, including act, rights and licenses available to assist in the protection of natural lands. Also, incentives to preserve privately-owned land are outlined.

A Summary of Policies and Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Habitat in Ontario
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1994.

Implementation Guideline for Natural Heritage and Environmental Protection
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1994.

Environmental Impact Study Training Session (Technical Manual)
Ministry of Natural Resources, Ecological Services Group. 1995.

Fish Habitat Protection Guidelines for Developing Areas
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1994.

Implementation Strategy: Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest
Ministry of Natural Resources, Parks and Recreational Areas Branch Outdoor Recreation Group. 1987, Queen’s Printer for Ontario, Ontario.

Port of Thunder Bay - South Channel Project - Initial Environmental Evaluation
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1987.
Major concerns of the Port including fisheries habitat, the environment and wetlands are discussed. An indepth environmental assessment is included providing comments on all relevant areas.

Design and Construction Guidelines (2nd edition)
Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Ministry of Natural Resources, Conservation Authorities, Ontario Ministry of Energy. 1986.

Residential Guidelines for Floodplain Construction
Alberta Municipal Affairs, Alberta. 1987.

Evaluating Construction Activities Impacting on Water Resources
D. Persaud and W.D. Wilkins, Water Resources Branch. 1976.
The effects of sedimentation, stream channel modification, blasdting and dams on swamps and waterways are presented. Not only is the effect on the water resource discussed, but also the impact on wildlife resources and the environment.

Northwestern Ontario Forest Ecosystem Interpretations
Forestry Canada and Ministry of Natural Resources. 1991.

Report on a Water Use Study for the Lakehead Region Conservation Authority
James F. MacLaren Limited, Toronto. 1970.
A water use study is performed including many waterways in the City of Thunder Bay (Neebing R., McVicar’s Cr., Kam R., McIntyre R., and Current R.) and others in the surrounding area. For each watershed, the physiography and historical data is presented. The major watersheds also include a discussion of hydrology. Achieving water resource objectives and flood control are other topics considered with cost estimates and recommendations.

Land Wildlife Integration No. 1,2 and 3 Ecological Land Classification Series No. 11, 17 and 22
H.A. Stelfox and G.R. Ironside, Envrionment Canada. 1979, 1982 and 1985.
These compilations are proceedings from technical workshops discussing wildlife and its incorporation into ecological land surveys. Topics of the papers include wildlife habitat and distribution, methods of ecological land surveys, wetland classification and habitat, habitat management, LANDSAT mapping and habitat evaluation.

Potential Steelhead Production in the Current River, Thunder Bay, Ontario
Beak Consultants Limited, Brampton. 1990.
The feasibility of encouraging steelhead trout passage up the Current River was studied. The habitat was characterized including obstructions to migration, water quality and quantity and turbine mortality. The study concluded that the river could sufficiently support a steelhead spawning run of 5000 fish if a fishway was installed in the Boulevard Lake Dam.

Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Hydroelectric Facility on the Kaministiquia River
Robert Whiteside. 1993.
In order to assess the impact of a hydroelectric facility, a study was performed to predict the effects on the environment. An inventory of the natural and social/cultural environment was taken plus potential effects of the dam on the environment. Mitigation and enhancement measures were discussed and conclusions were made.

Other similar environmental assessments of the Kaministiquia River prior to the construction of a generation station are:

Kam 1 Generating Station Environmental Report
Robert Whiteside and KGS Group.

Draft - Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Hydroelectric Generating Facility on the Kaministiquia River
The Proctor and Redfern Group, Thunder Bay. 1989.

Wetland Evaluations: Pine Bay (1995), Shuniah Lake (1995), Mill’s Block (1995), Cloud Bay (1993), Mission Island Marsh (1993), Hurkett Cove (1993), Neebing Marsh, Chippewa Marsh

Wetland Assessments: Wolf River, Silver Harbour and Wiley Point (all in 1991).

Wetland Inventory of Townships: Blake (1989), Crooks (1988-1991), Dorion (1988), MacGregor (1987), McIntyre (1989), McTavish (1990-1991), Neebing (1988-1991), Oliver, Paipoonge (1987) and Pardee (1989).

Resource Management Plan for Agreement Forests - Williams Forest and Mills Block
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1990.

A Bibliography of Selected Fish Habitat Protection Guidelines and References Volume 1: Aquatic Habitat
S.J. Kerr, Ministry of Natural Resources. 1993.

Thunder Bay District Fisheries Management Plan 1988-2000
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1989.

Kaministiquia River Study 1987
K. Cullis, W.T. Marmot, R. Sein, R.A.P. 1987.
Since the Kam River is designated as an area of concern (AOC), a study was performed assessing the current situation of the fish community in the river and the fisheries potential if remedial action was taken. A fish inventory and habitat assessment was performed on each of the representative reaches. The results of the study determined that the Kam River currently supports a healthy fish community and has the potential to increase its fish production if the lower river is rehabilitated.

Biological Survey of the Kaministiwia River and Thunder Bay 1965-1966
M.J.W. German. 1967.
Due to the decrease in fish and fish quality, a biological study was performed on the Kam River. Bottom fauna, substrate and water quality were all assessed. The results determined the water in certain areas in severely impaired due to industrial and domestic wastes. Certain areas contained good quality water. Recommendations are made to prevent further contamination.

Air Quality Northwestern Ontario - Annual Report (1983, 1985, 1986-1988, 1991-1994)
Ministry of Environment and Energy
Numerous pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, sulphur dioxide, total reduced sulphur, organic compounds and others were measured for in the air. The results for the towns in Northwestern Ontario including Thunder Bay are provided.

Planning for Sustainable Development: A Resource Book (Symposium Proceedings)
Edited by William E. Reese, School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia. 1989.
A compilation of papers on sustainable development from a symposium at UBC. Discussions on provincial strategies, economic opportunities, planning and natural resource workshops (agriculture, forestry, fisheries and water and non-renewable resources) are present.

Forty Steps to A New Don: The Report of the Don Watershed Task Force
Metropolitan Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. 1994.
This is a report of the steps taken to restore the degraded Don River watershed. It includes general principles of regeneration, current conditions and the steps taken.

Economics, Ethics, Ecology: Roots of Productive Conservation
Edited by Walter E. Jeske, Soil Society of America, Iowa. 1981.
This book is a compilation of papers presented at the annual meeting of the Soil Society of America. The main topics are: land planning, water management, the energy squeeze on land and water, conservation for the future, education for conservation, natural resource values and trends and issues.

A Guide to the Study of Terrestrial Ecology
Edited by William A. Andrews, Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey. 1974.
Beginning with a brief discussion on ecosystems and major biomes in North America, the abiotic and biotic factors of field and laboratory studies are described. Also elaborated on are field studies, research topics and case studies.

A Guide to the Study of Freshwater Ecology
Edited by William A. Andrews, Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey. 1972.
The ecology of lakes, ponds, streams and rivers is explained. Techniques for field and laboratory studies are described plus field and case studies.

A Guide to the Study of Soil Ecology Edited by William A. Andrews, Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey. 1972.

Fisheries Management in Ontario, Handbook for Natural Resource Education
Leslie M. Frost, Ministry of Natural Resources. 1980’s.

Wildlife Land Management for Ontario Landowners
Vernon P. Husek, Ministry of Natural Resources. 1973.
This pamphlet provides guidelines for land-use planning for wildlife. The ideal habitat for certain species is explained as well as different methods of planting vegetation to enhance wildlife.

Woodland Ecology: Environmental Forestry for the Small Owner (2nd ed.)
Leon S. Minckler, Syracuse University Press, New York. 1980.
Conservation and ecology of woodlands and other environmentally important areas are discussed in this book. The economics, timber production, habitat, recreation and aesthetics, integrated uses, protection and future are all discussed. A good guide for small woodlot owners or for those who manage its uses.

Snowcover: Accumulation, Relocation and Management (NHRI Science Report No. 7)
JW Pomeroy and DM Gray, National Hydrology Research Institute at University of Saskatchewan and Environment Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. 1995.
The book is a somewhat technical look at how snow behaves.

Background Information and Approach to Policy: Northwestern Ontario Planning Region
Ministry of Natural Resources, Strategic Land Use Plan. 1974.
A description of the region including the boundaries, natural setting, history, population, employment and natural resources is provided. The development and use of the natural resources in the area are described as future plans for development.

Thunder Bay Waterfront Park
The Proctor and Redfern Group, Richard Strong-Steven Moorhead Ltd. 1975.

Common Shares in the Environment
Province of Ontario. 1986.

North Shore Lake Superior Recreation Study:
Volume 1: Physical and Economic Study and Volume 2: Development Strategy
Hedlin Menzies & Associates Ltd. 1974.
This study researches the recreational potential of the North Shore of Lake Superior from Pigeon River to Sault Ste. Marie. Physical characteristics, recreational uses, marina development, costs and the development strategy are discussed.

Results of Recent Watershed Planning Studies in Metro Toronto
M.R. Garrett. 1980.
This report, although aimed for Metro Toronto, also deals with watershed planning in general. Major and minor drainage systems, storm water management, flood flow, erosion, water quality degradation and implementation of management policies are all studied.

Federal Water Policy
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1988.

Ecosystem Management Strategies for the Lake Superior Region (Workshop Summary and Keynote Papers, Conference and Workshop May 16-19, 1994)
Edited by James K. Jordan and Peter W.C. Uhlig. 1994.
The keynote papers deal with ecosystem management for forestry, habitat and landscapes in the Lake Superior Region. The workshop topics included ecological sustainability, biological diversity, social economic and political factors, ecosystems, forests and management. As well as the papers presented, the results of the workshop are summarized and included in the report.

Fish and Wildlife Habitat Rehabilitation Program: Project Highlights
Lesley Dunn, Environment Canada. 1995.
This report is a summary of past and present rehabilitations of areas along the Great Lakes Shoreline. For Lake Superior, the “Wake Up to Your Waterfront” program, Sanctuary Island and the improvement of the McKellar River in Thunder Bay are discussed.

Water and Related Land Management Strategy
M.M. Dillon Limited, Toronto. 1986.
The report discussed certain environmental concerns that are managed and maintained by the Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. Management areas include flood damage reduction, erosion and sediment control, urban drainage, recharge and source areas, water resources data, conservation education, recreation, environmentally significant areas, and fish, wildlife and forest management. A five year strategy is developed to encompass all these problem areas.

Thunder Bay Remedial Action Plan Stage 1: Environmental Conditions and Problem Definition
Environment Canada, Environment Ontario, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Department of Fisheries and Oceans. 1991.
The environmental conditions in Thunder Bay have been studied determining problem regions in the area. Water quality, sediment quality and biota were all tested and the extent of impaired uses was found. The results showed the Kam River, inner Thunder Bay Harbour and Chippewa Beach to be the most seriously degraded areas in the region. Also, the protection of fish and wildlife habitats and populations is a major issue that has to be dealt with.

Initial Environmental Evaluation South Channel Project Volume 1: Main Report
Ecologistics Ltd. 1987.
Before proceeding with plans to improve navigation and increase cargo handling capability and harbour industrial land in the south channel, an environmental assessment was performed. All qualities of the natural environment were reviewed and the impacts of the development on the wildlife and vegetation were predicted. It was determined that the benefits of the development outweighs the environmental costs.

A Discussion Paper on the Physical Development Potential of the City of Thunder Bay
Policy and Long Range Planning, Community planning and Development Division. 1980.

General Guidelines for the Preparation of Environmental Assessments
Ministry of Environment. 1978.

Lakehead Region Conservation Authority Watershed Strategy Final Report
Acres International Limited and Proctor and Redfern Ltd. 1993.
The state of the environment including the natural environment of the Lakehead Watershed area is studied. The development strategy for the watershed by the Lakehead Region Conservation Authority is also explained. A five year activity plan for the authority is also presented.

Thunder Bay Generating Station Extension Pre-Operational Summary Report Mission Island Wildlife Surveys 1975, 1979 and 1980
S.K. Sears, Ontario Hydro and Ministry of Natural Resources. 1982.
The avian spring and fall migration, waterfowl brood and wildlife observations were all surveyed to determine the effect of the generating station extension. Presented in the report are the methods, results and discussion of the study.

A similar study is: Pre-Operational Aquatic Environmental Studies 1977-1979 Summary Report Thunder Bay Generating Station Extension
J.R. Mayes and P..M. McKee, Ontario Hydro. 1980.

Towards a Wetland Policy for Ontario Discussion Paper
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1981.
A discussion of wetlands, the problem with their current situation and possible improvements are presented. The benefits of wetlands, preparation of planning guidelines and public awareness programs are also touched upon.

The following two articles are located in the binder “Waterfowl Management Plan for Canada”. They are from the magazine “Wetlands Functions and Values: the Statement of our Understanding”.

Fresh Water Wetlands: Habitats for Aquatic Invertebrates, Amphibians, Reptiles and Fish
Judith Clark, American Resources Association. 1978.
Wetlands and their importance as a habitat for aquatic species is explained. The invertebrates, vertebrates and faunas of wetlands are described and compared. Finally, the value of both wetlands and their species is explained.

The Values of Wetland Habitat in the Great Lakes Basin
Donald L. Tilton and Benedict R. Schwegler. 1978.
This paper describes production, microbial, invertebrate and wildlife populations in wetlands. Fresh water wetlands aid in water management, nutrient loading to lakes and streams, sedimentation, energy for food webs and wildlife habitat. With all these benefits, habitat values of wetlands are reviewed in the Great Lakes Region.

Ontario Wetlands Conference Proceedings
Edited by Anne Champagne, Toronto. 1981.
The main topics for the papers were: the importance of natural wetlands, wetland threats and losses, wetland inventory/evaluation, policy options and protection at the local level, economic incentives for wetland owners, managing wetlands for specific goals and the future of wetland management, creations and acquisition. A conclusion of the conference was that the government needs to hear public demands to support preservation of the wetland.

Preserving Great lakes Wetlands An Environment Agenda: The Final Report of the Great Lakes Policy Consortium
Stephen Brown. 1990.
This report provides 50 recommendations for the improvement, management, planning and preservation of wetlands. Most of the emphasis is on wetlands policy although some attention is spent on involving all organizations and individuals in taking action to protect wetlands.

Definition Study of Floodway-Flood Fringe for Riverine and Lake Flooding
MacLaren Plansearch, Environment Canada, Ministry of Natural Resources. 1987.
Pertinent factors that relate to floodway-flood fringe definition are examined including physical characteristics, community planning, flood fringe land use, impact of development, environmental concerns, flood hazard, transportation systems and administration of floodway boundaries. The criteria for floodway delineation with primary and secondary factors are also discussed.

Bacterial Study of Chippewa Beach -Thunder Bay, Ontario 1989
G.S. Irwin, Ministry of Environment. 1989.

A Benthos and Substrate Quality Survey of Thunder Bay Harbour in the Vicinity of Northern Wood Preservers 1971 and 1986
D. Pugh. 1989.

Kaministiquia River Study 1987
K. Cullis, W.T. Marmot, R. Sein, R.A.P. 1987.

Survey of the Benthos of the Lower Kaministikwia River 1989
Beak Consultants Limited. 1989.

Stage 1: Environmental Conditions and Problem Definition
Thunder Bay R.A.P. 1991.

1986/1987 Water Quality Report Neebing /McIntyre Rivers
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1987.

Report on Water Quality, Summer of 1988
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1988.

Report on Water Quality, Summer of 1995
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1995.

Impact of Mill Effluent on the Kaministiquia
Beak Consultants Ltd. 1989.

Class Environmental Assessment for Water Management Structures
Association of Conservation Authorities of Ontario. 1986.

Natural Channel Systems: An Approach to Management and Design
Ministry of Natural Resources, Queen’s Printer for Ontario. 1994.
For natural channel systems, management and planning considerations, conceptual basis for channel systems, design principles, stream evaluation and classification procedure, design approach, implementation and conclusions are all examined. The effort is to move towards an ecosystem-based approach with natural channel systems.

A Brief to be Presented to the Thunder Bay Community Planning Committee on the Neebing Marsh, May 1985
This paper is a summary of wetlands and the value of the Neebing Marsh. For each of the following, a paragraph is written: location, hydrology, recreation/socioeconomic value, wetland evaluation/regional significance, fish and wildlife values.

Evaluating Landscapes and Aesthetics
University of Guelph. 1973.
This is a guide of how to evaluate and describe landscapes for their aesthetic quality. Provided are techniques plus related articles and studies.

Ecological (Biophysical) Land Classification in Urban Areas - Ecological Land Classification Series No. 3
Edited by E.B. Wiken and G.R. Ironside, Toronto. 1977.
This compilation of papers presented at a workshop include topics such as environmental programs in urban areas and regional land use planning, the roles of earth science, vegetation, the atmosphere, wildlife and soil in urban areas.

Background Paper 3: Municipal Planning and the Natural Environment
Reg Lang and Audrey Armour, The Planning Act Review Committee. 1970’s.
This paper first presents the problems, issues and current approaches of environmental concerns and municipal planning. Secondly, directions for improvement are addressed and finally, recommendations are made. Environmental issues in official plans and municipal planning are elaborated on.

Report of the Planning Act Review Committee
Planning Act Review Committee, Ontario Government. 1977.
Major reforms are proposed to the Planning Act including provincial roles, municipal plans and planning, Ontario Municipal Board, development standards and requirements and planning in Northern Ontario. Also presented are proposed improvements to the act. The report is written with the assistance of five background papers (#3 above).

Environmental Planning Resourcebook
Reg Land and Audrey Armour, Environment Canada, Lands Directorate. 1980.
This book discusses both environmental resources and the management of these resources. Case studies, environment impact assessments, interrelationships and specific environments are all researched. The environmental perspective, environmental resources, selected environments, selected activities and environmental planning/management are the main topics presented.

Background Reports for: Municipality of Paipoonge (1979), Township of Shuniah (1979), Township of Conmee and Township of O’Connor (1980) and Municipality of Neebing (1980).
Lakehead Planning Board, Rural Planning Project
The reports researched physical geography and natural resources, existing land uses, population profiles, agriculture, residential development, recreational development, (commercial and industrial development, hamlet development) and municipal services.

A Framework for Wetland Policy in Canada
Canada Committee on Land Use. 1987.
The importance of wetlands, the issues, principles and policy strategies are all explained in this report. The policy strategies are aimed to protect and promote the values and resources of wetlands.

The Impact of Development Projects on Estuarine and Other Wetland Ecosystems
John B. Elkington, Environmental Conservation Vol. 4, No. 2. Summer 1977.
The values of wetlands and the impacts of development are explained. The biology of the estuarine environment, the impacts of urban, agricultural and recreational uses of wetland areas and the estuarine environment considered as a single ecosystem are the main topics discussed in the article. The need to understand carrying capacity and experimenting in alternative land-use options are all necessary for wetland management.

Management Potential: Summary and Recommendations
Forest Sterns, Freshwater Wetlands. 1978.
Numerous recommendations are made towards the management of freshwater wetlands. The management goals are towards: environmental protection, recreation and aesthetics and production of renewable resources. Eight final conclusions are made for the management of wetlands.

Elementary Hydrology
Vijay P. Singh, Prentice-Hall Inc., New Jersey. 1992.
This book discusses the basics of hydrology including: environmental and water resource problems, types of watersheds, weather and precipitation, sub-surface flow, above-surface flow and hydrologic abstractions, streamflow measurement and hydrograph analysis, precipitation-runoff relation, flow routing, watershed simulation and hydrologic design. Most of the information is technical although the descriptions of the watershed and environmental related information is not.

Lakehead Region Conservation Authority Current River Watershed Study Final Report
Proctor and Redfern Ltd. 1991.
The study deals with four major areas: the environment, hydrology, recreation and economic potential of the Current River Watershed mainly below Onion Lake and Hazelwood Lake. An inventory is taken of the natural environment, hydrology and current water management, recreation opportunities and tourism and economic development opportunities. The potential of environmental effects due to recreation and tourism opportunities and hydrotechnical solutions to water quality and quantity issues are predicted. Finally, the study is summarized and recommendations are made.

Also: Current River Watershed Flow Augmentation Study
M.M. Dillon Limited, Toronto. 1989.

Thunder Bay Beaches 1984 (and 1985)
W.M. Vrooman, (G.S. Irwin), Ministry of Environment, Queen’s Printer for Ontario. 1986.
Chippewa Park, Boulevard Lake Park, Hazelwood Lake Park, Cascades Conservation Area and Neebing/McIntyre Floodway were all studied for the quality of the water. It was found that both Chippewa Beach and Boulevard Lake Park had unsafe levels of bacteria.

Nearshore Water Quality and Thunder Bay, Lake Superior, 1983
Janette Anderson, Ministry of Environment, Queen’s Printer for Ontario. 1986.
The water quality was tested in Lake Superior studying water, sediments and biota (young of the year fish). The results determined that contamination was from the Kam River, industrial and municipal wastewater. The overall result was a decrease in most chemicals.

Integrating Water Management Objectives into Municipal Planning Documents
Ministry of Environment and Energy and Ministry of Natural Resources, Queen’s Printer for Ontario. 1993.
The purpose of this document is to assist municipalities in developing official plans that include water and related resource planning, management and protection. Provincial directions in water resource management, relationships between municipal land use planning and water resource planning, municipal policies for water resource management and implementation are all discussed.

Water Management on a Watershed Basis: Implementing an Ecosystem Approach
Ministry of Environment and Energy and Ministry of Natural Resource, Queen’s Printer for Ontario. 1993.
Six main features relevant to successful watershed planning are discussed: directions, groundwork, the plan, implementation, after the plan and a work on public participation. Aspects such as water management and land use planning, the watershed plan, planning framework, watershed issues, biophysical conditions and goal, objectives and principles are all described.

Water Quality Sourcebook: A Guide to Water Quality Parameters
R.N. Neely, V.P. Neimanis, and L. Dwyer, Inland Waters Directorate, Water Quality Branch, Ottawa. 1979.
For numerous chemicals, the parameter descriptions are provided. The parameters include the environmental range, source, water quality guidelines and effects on use.

Subwatershed Planning: An Interim Guide
The Metropolitan Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. 1992.

Mosquito Creek Post Development Study
Fenco MacLaren Inc. 1996.
The Mosquito Creek Watershed was studied researching the planning and legislative framework, the watershed attributes, the planning objectives and strategies, implementation and monitoring. The physical resources of the creek plus the proposed uses of the Creek were inventoried and reviewed. In order to uphold the quality of the watershed, long-term quality sampling and monitoring is suggested.

Introduction to Stream Restoration and Bioengineering Techniques for Enhanced Fish Habitat
Regional Engineering, Northwest Region, Ministry of Natural Resources. 1996.
This information from a course involves guidelines, articles and case studies related to the improvement of fish habitat. Water flow control and cover techniques, streambank erosion control techniques and related literature for protecting and improving fish habitat are all explained. Also, habitat features and stream characteristics for healthy streams and fish are described.

Private Individual Services in the Rural Area
Geo-Analysis Incorporated and J.L. Richard and Associated Ltd. 1992.
For rural areas, water quantity and quality, well and heat pumps, private sewage disposal, cumulative impact and distribution of rural development and rural development policies are discussed. The impact assessment of the various features of development on the environment and water quality are studied.

Highway 11/17 Four-Laning of the Thunder Bay Expressway from Balsam Street 8.7km Easterly to Highway 527 Including Interchanges at Hodder Avenue and at the Terry Fox Rest Area - Environmental Study Report
McCormick Rankin and Associates Ltd. 1992.
Before construction began on the highway, an environmental impact assessment was performed. The natural and social environment were studied plus the description of the project and alternatives were discussed. It was found that the effects on the environment would be minimal.

Thunder Bay Land Use Plan - Background Information
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1982.
Both a general analysis and resource analysis were performed for the Thunder Bay District. For the general analysis, physical and cultural resources were studied. Mines, aggregates, agriculture, forestry, sport and commercial fish, sport and commercial wildlife, public recreation, private recreation, commercial recreation and other considerations (sensitive areas, energy, other plan, etc) were all researched for the resource analysis. One issue discovered to be a problem was a conflict between the preservation of natural resources and development which must be resolved before creating a land use plan.

Implementation Guidelines for Natural Heritage and Environmental Protection
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1994.

Wetlands Policy Statement Implementation Guidelines
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1992.

Development Potential and Other Benefits from Restoration, Enhancement and Protection of the Thunder Bay Area of Concern Final Report
Sustainable Features, Toronto. 1995.
The study evaluates potential economic development and direct benefits from restoration, enhancement and protection of the watersheds, waterfront and environmental quality of Thunder Bay. Current land use development trends, projects by R.A.P., sustainable development and redevelopment, direct benefits and economic impacts are all described in the report.

Implementing Planning Reform in Ontario - Ministry of Natural Resources Information Package March 1995
Ministry of Natural Resources. 1995.
Implementation guidelines and presentation materials are available for the following policies and areas of concern: fish habitat, natural heritage, wetlands, water quality/quantity, environmental impacts, natural hazards, flood plains, petroleum and salt hazards, mining hazards, petroleum resources, mineral aggregates, mineral resources, agricultural land and policy ‘G’.

Sustainable Communities Resource Package
Ontario Round Table on Environment and Economy. 1995.
A discussion on sustainable communities involving social, environmental, economic and health aspects is presented. Although the package was prepared for agencies and groups within the community, many of the ideas and suggestions are valid for municipalities and other government agencies. Sustainable communities, profiling the communities and taking action are all topics elaborated on and discussed. Guidelines are provided on the know-how of getting involved in resource planning.

Highway 11/17 (New) Thunder Bay Expressway to 10th Sideroad Environmental Study Report
M.M. Dillon Ltd. 1992.
Prior to construction, an environmental assessment was performed on highway 11/17 from the Thunder Bay Expressway to the 10th Sideroad. The current as well as future conditions of the natural, socio-economic and cultural environments were studied and alternative routes were suggested and considered. A discussion is also provided of the design and construction features.

Draft Report on Planning and Development Reform in Ontario
Commission on Planning and Development Reform in Ontario. 1992.
The provincial and municipal role in planning as well as proposed policy statements, planning and aboriginal communities and conflicts, disputes and appeals are all discussed.

New Planning for Ontario - Final Report Summary and Recommendations
Commission on Planning and Development Reform in Ontario. 1993.
River Basin Management: Canadian Experiences
University of Waterloo, Grand River Conservation Authority, Canadian Water Resources Association. 1981.
Papers from a symposium on river basin management are compiled. Topics of the paper include policy and strategy, basin planning, flow regulation, modelling for water management, implementation, public participation, evaluation and water quality. Included in most of the topics are case examples from across Canada.

There’s Always Someone Downstream (A Report Based on the Headwaters Conference)
Jeff Solway. 1991.
Based on presentations and discussions, numerous topics of environmental planning are discussed. The problems with the environment and planning, a technical explanation of groundwater, a partnership that works and “greening the planning process” are all subjects presented and explored.

Class Environmental Assessment for Remedial Flood and Erosion Control Projects
The Association of Conservation Authorities of Ontario. 1993.

New Directions in Flood Plain Management Workshop Notes
M. Garrett, R. Burgar, R. Hunter, G. Sardesai, T. Farrell and R. Chang. 1985.
Topics discussed at the workshop include: new directions in flood plain management, flood plain mapping and modelling, procedures followed in changing the flood plain criterion of a watershed, man made structures, provincial policy statement/implementation guidelines and flood forecasting.

Wetlands: Ecology, Conservation and Management
School of Urban and Regional Planning, Continuing Professional Education for Planners, University of Waterloo. 1989.
Papers are presented from a conference discussing management, conservation and ecology of wetlands.

Fish Habitat Protection A Cooperative Approach MNR and CA’s (Proceedings of the Workshop)
Ministry of Natural Resources and Conservation Authorities. 1992.

Environmentally Significant Areas Criteria Review
The Metropolitan Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. 1992.

Thunder Bay’s Environmental Future: A Discussion Paper (Draft)
Lakehead Environmental Action Group. 1994.

Concept Designs for the Restoration of Thunder Bay Riverine Habitat Diversity Program
B.A.R. Environmental. 1991.
This paper discusses the Neebing/McIntyre Rivers, the Current River, McVicar’s Creek, and the McKellar River. The possible habitat improvements are presented.

Vegetation Assessment of the Neebing/McIntyre Diversion and the McKellar River
P.F. Lee, Thunder Bay. 1990’s.
An assessment of the vegetation was made to determine the extent of damage and habitat improvement necessary.

Pennock Creek Watershed Development Study
Lakehead Region Conservation Authority. 1996, approx. 60 pp.; colour maps and photos.
The primary objectives of this study were to: transfer existing floodplain mapping to digital format; inventory erosion sites; catalogue natural habitats; undertake water sampling; determine changes in the watershed; and interpret data with emphasis on formulating a basin management plan. The Pennock Creek watershed is composed of 50 sq. km of predominantly rural lands within the Thunder Bay region. It is the largest tributary of the Neebing River.